Group reality therapy in addicts rehabilitation process to reduce depression, anxiety and stress

Substance abuse is one of the most outstanding socio-psychological hazards that can easily wreck one's personal, family and social life. Reality Therapy is a type of Cognitive rehabilitation [known as psychosocial rehabilitation method], and the application of this method in the treatment of different disorders has recently been the topic of research. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group reality therapy on the reduction of stress, anxiety and depression in addicts. A quasi-experimental study of pretest-posttest design, with a control group was conducted. The study population consisted of all addicts attending Tehran's 'Neda' Rehab Clinic. First, the DASS-21 questionnaire was administered and then 40 people were selected from those who had scored average and higher. They were randomly assigned to two test and control groups of 20 each. Analysis of co-variance was used to analyze the data, with which pretest scores were controlled, and the effect of the independent variable on posttest scores was evaluated. Following the intervention, there were significant decreases in the mean scores of all three variables, i.e. stress, anxiety and depression in the test group. Psychosocial rehabilitation based on reality therapy can be considered as an effective method for reducing stress, anxiety and depression in addicts and also as an adjunctive therapy in treating other ailments

[Effect of touch therapy by mothers on weight gaining of preterm newborns]

The effect of touch on growth of newborns has been achieved by educated staff, but touch therapy by mothers as the most important care provider for their infants, had not been focused in previous studies. The aim of this work was to study effect of touch therapy by mothers on weight gaining of preterm newborns. In a randomized controlled trail and double blind study, 60 preterm newborns who discharged from neonatal intensive care unit [NICU] to home, randomly allocated to control and touch therapy group [30 newborns in each group]. Touch therapy was educated to mother in a direct education, also with offering guide booklet to the mothers. Touch was provided for three 20 minute period per day, until term corrected age. Neonate weight in two groups was measured at the time of discharge and then at the term corrected age by the electronic weighing scale with an accuracy of +/- 10 gr. In two groups, mean of age, kind of delivery, level of education, employment and socioeconomic status in mothers, also weight, sex and other neonate characteristics had no statistical differences. At the term corrected age, interventional group showed a weight gain of 10 g/day [30%] more than control, which was statistically significant [31 g/day vs 21 g/day] [P=0.04]. An important aspect of this study is that all stimulations were provided by mothers which had positive impact for preterm newborns, So, education of touch therapy to mothers can be recommended before discharge of pre-term newborns

[ effect of holly Quran recitation of physiological responses of premature infant]

During recent years, despite remarkable advances in medicine and survival rates of premature infants, they still suffer from neurological disability and abnormal development. Based on theories, complementary cares are necessary for growth and development in preterm infants and neurobehavioral function provide by appropriate infant stimulations. The aim of this research is to study the effects of holly Quran recitation on physiological responses in premature infants. In a randomized control trail and double blind study, from August through September 2009, 120 premature infants who admitted to the NICU of Shahid Akbarabadi hospital, Tehran and had inclusion criteria of this study, were randomly assigned to two groups: control group and holly Quran recitation group, and observed for three dependent variables; oxygen saturation levels, heart rate, respiration rate. Holly Quran recitation was including 20 minutes recitation of Yusuf Quaranic chapters, by Shahhat Mohammad Anvar sound that was played for experimental group via headphone of the morning shift. The volume range was 50-60 db. Two groups were observed for physiological responses from 10 minutes before to 10 minutes after intervention by monitor, and recorded numerous before and 10, 20, 30 minutes after beginning of intervention, were used to analysis. Our results showed that the mean of respiratory and heart rate significantly decreased and oxygen saturation levels increased in Quran group as compared to the basic measurement of this changes continued to 10 minutes after intervention [P < 0.001]. The mean change of three variables in the end of intervention and after 10 minutes was significantly different between two groups [P < 0.001]. Holly Quran recitation can be used as a complementary and supportive care to improve of physiologic state in premature infant; because it effects on the physiological responses in premature infants comprising oxygen saturation level, respiration and heart rate

association between maternal factors and preterm birth and premature rapture of membranes

The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of preterm birth [PTB] and premature rapture of membranes [PROM] and their associations with maternal factors. This cross sectional study was carried out at Akbar-Abadi hospital in Tehran during January 2009-Aprile 2010. Four hundred sixty six primiparous women with gestational age more than 20 weeks and singleton pregnancy were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16. P<0.05 was considered as being significant. maternal age, maternal height, maternal education, pre-pregnancy maternal weight, occupation and smoking during pregnancy were compared between two groups [with or without PTB/PROM]. This study shows the incidence of PTB to be 27.9% and PROM to be 34.7%. None of maternal factors in this study showed significant relation with PTB. Significant relation was found between maternal age and PROM, p<0.001. PROM was related to PTB significantly [p=0.040]. Findings highlighted the importance of maternal age as a cause of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Since this study showed PROM and PTB to be two common adverse pregnancy outcomes in Iran assembling appropriate services can lead mothers to improved pregnancy outcomes especially among older pregnant women

[Comparison of vestibular evoked myogenic potential and caloric test findings in noise induced hearing loss-affected and healthy individuals]

Balance disturbance is one of the non-auditory effects of noisy industrial environments that is usually neglected. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of occupational noise on vestibular system among workers with noise-induced hearing loss [NIHL], based on both vestibular evoked myogenic potentials [VEMP] and caloric tests. Thirty male workers with noise-induced hearing loss and thirty male matched controls were examined by VEMP and caloric tests. Study parameter included unilateral weakness, p13 and n23 latencies, and p13-n23 amplitude. Caloric test was performed only for 20 patients. No significant difference was observed in unilateral weakness between the two groups. On the other hand, the difference in mean latencies of p13 in the right ear [p= 0.003] and left ear [p=0.01] was significant between the two groups. However, the difference in n23 latency was significant only in the right ear [p=0.03]. There was no significant difference between groups in p13-n23 amplitude. It seems that pars inferior of vestibule is the susceptible part in individuals with NIHL. In general, abnormal findings in both VEMP and caloric tests were more common compared to functional symptoms such as vertigo, which may be due to central compensation and the symmetry of the disorder